INDONESIA

A.Republic of Indonesia abbreviated RI or Indonesia is a country in Southeast Asia, which is crossed by the equator and located between the continents of Asia and Australia as well as between the Pacific and Indian Ocean. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic country consisting of 17,508 islands, therefore he is called also as the Nusantara (Archipelago Between). With a population of 222 million people in 2006, Indonesia is the fourth most populous nation in the world and the largest Muslim populated country in the world, although not officially an Islamic state. Indonesia is a republic, the House of Representatives, Regional Representatives Council and the President who is directly elected. Is the country's capital Jakarta. Indonesia is bordered by Malaysia on Borneo island, with Papua New Guinea on the island of Papua, and Timor Leste in the Timor Island. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, Philippines, Australia, and the unity of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in India. History of Indonesia heavily influenced by other nations. The Indonesian archipelago became an important trade region since at least the 7th century, when the kingdom of Sriwijaya in Palembang, religion and trade relations with China and India. Hindu kingdoms and Buddhism has grown in the early centuries AD, followed by the traders who brought Islam, and various European powers fought each other to monopolize the spice trade in the Moluccas during the era of ocean exploration. Once under Dutch rule, Indonesia, then called the Dutch East Indies declared its independence at the end of World War II. Furthermore, Indonesia has received a variety of obstacles, threats and challenges of natural disasters, corruption, separatism, a democratization process and the period of rapid economic change. From Sabang to Merauke, Indonesia consists of distinct ethnic, linguistic and religious differences. The Javanese are the largest ethnic group and most politically dominant. Indonesia's national motto, "Unity in Diversity" ("Different but one"), articulates the diversity that shapes the country. Besides having a dense population and vast territory, Indonesia has a natural area that supports the level of biodiversity in the world's second largest

OFFICIAL NAME : INDONESIA
CAPITAL CITY             : JAKARTA
BROAD AREA               : 1,906,240 KM
TOTAL POPULATION : 237 556 363 (2010)
DENSITY             : 126 SOUL / KM
CURRENCY                  : RUPIAH
RELIGION                : Islam (88,2%), PROTESTANT (5.9%), Catholic (3%), Hindu (1.8%),
                                     BUDDHA (0.8%), OTHER (0.3%)
LANGUAGE                   : INDONESIA
SONG NATIONALITY : INDONESIA RAYA
INDEPENDENCE          : 17 AUGUST 1945 proclaimed, recognized 27 desember 1949

. * Etymology The word "Indonesia" is derived from the Latin Indus, meaning "Indian" and Nesos Greek word meaning "island". Thus, the Indonesian word meaning Indies islands, or archipelago located in the Indies, which indicates that this name is formed long before Indonesia became a sovereign state. In 1850, George Earl, a British ethnologist, originally proposed the term Indunesia and Malayunesia to the population "Indian Archipelago or the Malay Archipelago." Pupils from Earl, James Richardson Logan, used Indonesia as a synonym of the word Indian Islands. However, Dutch academics writing in the media do not use the word Dutch Indies Indonesia, but the terms Malay Archipelago (Maleische Archipel); Dutch East Indies (Nederlandsch Oost Indië), or Indian (Indië); East (de Oost); and even Insulinde (this term introduced in 1860 in the novel Max Havelaar (1859), written by Multatuli, the criticism of Dutch colonialism). Since 1900, the name Indonesia became more common in the academic environment outside the Netherlands, and Indonesian nationalist groups adopted it for political expression. Adolf Bastian at the University of Berlin popularize this name through the book Indonesien oder die Inseln des Malayischen Archipels, 1884-1894. Indonesian students who used it first is Suwardi Suryaningrat (Ki Hajar Dewantara), when he founded the Dutch news agency in the name Indonesisch Press Bureau in 1913.
Indonesia currently consists of 33 provinces, five of which have different status. Provinces are divided into 399 districts and 98 cities divided into districts and again into villages, villages, village, village, villages, pekon, or other terms that were accommodated by the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 32 Year 2004 on Regional Government. Each province has a local parliament and provincial governors, while the district has a district legislature and the regents, then the town has a local parliament and mayor of the City, all directly elected by the people through elections and local elections. However there is no parliament in Jakarta District or the City, because the County Administration and the City Administration in Jakarta is not an autonomous region. Province of Aceh, Yogyakarta, West Papua, and Papua has the privilege of the legislature a greater and higher levels of autonomy than other provinces. For example, Aceh has the right to form its own legal system; in 2003, Aceh began to establish Sharia law. Obtain the status of Special Region of Yogyakarta as a recognition of the important role in supporting Indonesia's Yogyakarta during the Revolution. Province of Papua, formerly called Irian Jaya, the special autonomy status granted in 2001. DKI Jakarta, the capital of the state is a special area. Portuguese Timor was incorporated into Indonesia and became the province of East Timor in 1979-1999, which then through a referendum to the State of Timor Leste. * Province in Indonesia and its capital Sumatra: Aceh - Banda Aceh North Sumatera - Medan West Sumatra - Padang Riau - Pekanbaru Kepulauan Riau - Tanjung Pinang Jambi - Jambi South Sumatera - Palembang Bangka Belitung Islands - Louth Bengkulu - Bengkulu Lampung - Bandar Lampung Java Special Capital Region of Jakarta Banten - Serang West Java - Bandung Central Java - Semarang Special Region of Yogyakarta - Yogyakarta East Java - Surabaya Lesser Sunda Islands Bali - Denpasar West Nusa Tenggara - Mataram East Nusa Tenggara - Kupang

 Kalimantan Kalimantan Barat - Pontianak Central Kalimantan - Palangkaraya South Kalimantan - Banjarmasin East Kalimantan - Samarinda Sulawesi North Sulawesi - Manado Gorontalo - Gorontalo Central Sulawesi - Palu West Sulawesi - Mamuju South Sulawesi - Makassar South East Sulawesi - Kendall Maluku Islands Maluku - Ambon North Maluku - Sofifi Western New Guinea West Papua - Manokwari Papua - Jayapura